Pain In Urinary Tract Male

Urinary Problems In Men Due To Age

There may be number of urinary issues associated with aging among men. The muscles of the bladder become weak and may contract suddenly giving an urge to use the toilet frequently. In some cases, there may be leakage or involuntary urination, before he can reach the toilet. With aging, the body tends to store fluids during the day leading to extra production of urine at night, thus increasing the frequency of urination at night.

What Are Clinical Trials For Perineal Injury

Clinical trialsâand other types of clinical studiesâare part of medical research and involve people like you. When you volunteer to take part in a clinical study, you help doctors and researchers learn more about disease and improve health care for people in the future.

Researchers are studying many aspects of perineal injuries in males, such as

• the effect of bicycle seats on blood flow in the perineum in males
• treatments for chronic perineal pain

Urinary Tract Infection In Men

Approved by: Maulik P. Purohit MD, MPH

Urinary Tract Infection is generally caused by a microbe, such as bacteria. Men are at a decreased risk of developing a UTI than women, because of the anatomical structure of the male urinary system. The infection can occur more frequently with increasing age, due to a blockage in the urinary tract, having a bladder catheter, or with a decreased immune system.

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Prostatitis Epididymitis Urethritis And Orchitis

In contrast to UTI, prostatitis affects men of all ages and, from 1990-1994, accounted for almost 2 million office visits per year in the United States. Prostatitis syndromes account for 25% of male office visits for genitourinary complaints, 8% of visits to urologists, and 1% of visits to primary care physicians. Of these men, 5% have bacterial prostatitis, 64% have nonbacterial prostatitis, and 31% have prostatodynia. Digital examination of the prostate in the setting of probable or possible UTI should be avoided to prevent the risk of inciting bacteremia.

Epididymitis has a bimodal distribution, corresponding to different age groups and pathogens. Most cases in men younger than 35 years are due to sexually transmitted pathogens. Older patients are more likely to have obstructive prostatism or a history of instrumentation or catheterization.

Gonococcal urethritis is more common in ethnic minorities, lower socioeconomic groups, and persons living in urban centers. The risk to a male having intercourse with an infected female is 17%. Some of these associations may be limited by confounding. The peak age for urethritis is 20-24 years.

Mumps orchitis occurs in 18% of postpubertal boys infected with the mumps virus.

John L Brusch, MD, FACP Corresponding Faculty Member, Harvard Medical SchoolJohn L Brusch, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Are Any Tests Needed

A urine sample can confirm the diagnosis and identify the germ causing the infection. Further tests are not usually necessary if you are otherwise well and have a one-off infection. However, your doctor may advise tests of your kidney, prostate gland, or bladder if an underlying problem is suspected.

An underlying problem is more likely if the infection does not clear with an antibiotic medicine, or if you have:

• Symptoms that suggest a kidney is infected .
• Recurring urine infections. For example, two or more in a three-month period.
• Had problems with your kidney in the past, such as kidney stones or a damaged kidney.
• Symptoms that suggest an obstruction to the flow of urine.
• Blood-stained urine which persists after treatment with antibiotics.

Tests may include:

• An examination of your prostate gland by examination of your back passage .
• Tests to see how well your bladder is working, called urodynamic tests.

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How Is Dysuria Treated

Treatment for dysuria depends on the cause of your pain/burning sensation. The first step in your treatment is to determine if your painful urination is caused by infection, inflammation, dietary factors, or a problem with your bladder or prostate.

• Urinary tract infections are most commonly treated with antibiotics. If your pain is severe, you may be prescribed phenazopyridine. Note: this medication turns you urine red-orange and stains undergarments.
• Inflammation caused by irritation to the skin is usually treated by avoiding the cause of the irritant.
• Dysuria caused by an underlying bladder or prostate condition is treated by addressing the underlying condition.

There are several steps you can take to reduce the discomfort of painful urination, including drinking more water or taking an over-the-counter aid to treat painful urination. Other treatments need prescription medications.

If you have frequent urinary tract infections, your provider can help find the cause.

Are There Any At

In addition to medical treatment, several home remedies can help treat urinary tract infections. These remedies are helpful for both men and women.

• Drink plenty of water and fluids. Regular hydration is essential to stimulate urination and flush out any bacteria that lingers inside your urinary tract.
• Cranberry juice drinks. Although cranberry juice is not a straightforward treatment against urinary tract infections, it contains substances that are effective against bacteria. Taking cranberry juice drinks will help clear out the urinary tract.

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Is There A Connection With Incontinence

Urinary incontinence can affect anybody at any age, but it is more common when we get older and in connection with other medical conditions. Therefore, it is not unusual that people with urinary incontinence to also have additional problems that contribute to a higher risk of UTI. Some examples include not being able to completely empty the bladder, reduced immune defense functions, and chronic illnesses. Bowel incontinence is another factor that increases the risk of infection.

How To Prevent Urinary Tract Infections

UTIs are unpleasant enough that most women will try anything to avoid getting one. Mann discusses some simple lifestyle changes that might help you prevent UTIs. These steps help reduce the chance of bacteria entering the urinary tract, which is the main cause of UTIs. Make sure to:

• Empty your bladder more often: Dont hold it when you feel the urge to go. Mann says that you should empty your bladder at least every four hours during the day. And urinating immediately after intercourse can help wash bacteria away from the urethral opening.
• Drink more water: Studies have shown people who drink more water are less likely to have recurrent urinary tract infections. Mann suggests that you drink at least 2 liters of water daily.
• Practice safer wiping and cleaning: Wiping from front to back helps avoid bacterial contamination. Avoid irritating feminine products with dyes, fragrances and parabens. Instead, wash with water whenever possible. And, please, dont ever douche unless otherwise advised to do so by your practitioner, says Mann.
• Try a different birth control: If you have repeated urinary tract infections, you may want to avoid using a diaphragm and spermicide, including spermicidal condoms. Talk to your doctor or clinician about other birth control options that can lower your risk for UTIs.

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How To Prevent Urinary Tract Infections In Men

Younger men cant do too much in terms of preventing a UTI, according to Trost. But older men can take a few steps to lower their risk. One of the best defense mechanisms against UTIs is to completely empty the bladder every time you urinate, says urologist Howard B. Goldman MD, professor and institute vice chairman for quality at the Glickman Urologic and Kidney Institute at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio.

Its also important to drink lots of fluids, especially water, every day. If you already have a UTI, drinking plenty of fluids can help push the bacteria out of the urinary tract and in some very mild UTI cases, that could be enough to treat it. But if you notice any of the signs of a UTI, it’s still very important to head to your doctor for a diagnosis and treatment recommendation.

Without proper UTI treatment, the infection can quickly spread and become a serious and sometimes even fatal threat. So don’t brush off symptoms like frequent urination or a burning sensation when you urinate, and don’t assume that you can’t get a UTI just because you’re a man. Its important that you get these symptoms checked out promptly, too.

Urinary Tract Infection Diagnosis

If you think you might have a UTI, dont worry. Diagnosing one requires a simple urinalysis. You urinate into a cup, and your clinician examines the urine for signs of infection. The standard course of treatment is three to five days of antibiotics.

In some cases, especially if your infections keep coming back, your practitioner may order a urine culture, a specific test for UTIs. A culture identifies the bacteria causing your infection so your clinician can choose the most effective antibiotic to treat it. The results of a urine culture are typically not available for two to four days.

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What Are The Signs And Symptoms Of Perineal Injury In Males

Signs of a perineal injury include

• bleeding or an open wound
• object embedded in the perineum
• burned skin
• fresh blood in urethral opening
• inability to urinate

Along with these signs, you may have symptoms such as pain in the genital, groin, or abdominal areas. In some cases, the pain may be severe.

Bicycle or motorcycle riders may also experience genital numbness. The level of numbness increases with longer or rougher rides.3

Why Is Male Urinary Tract Infection Rare

There is a lower risk of urinary tract infections in men, all thanks to the male anatomy. A mans urethra is relatively longer as compared to that of a woman. This feature helps keep the bacteria at bay. The more extended passageway makes it difficult for the bacteria to travel inside and infect the bladder. It allows the immune system to take action immediately and wash out the bacteria.

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Causes And Risk Factors Of Utis

Common risk factors for urinary tract infection in women include:

• Sexual activity: You are at an increased risk for urinary tract infections from intercourse and even your birth control, according to Mann. A diaphragm, spermicide and some vaginal lubricants can change the bacterial makeup of the vagina, leading to increased risk of UTI for some women.
• Immune system suppression: Chronic or acute illnesses can weaken the bodys immune system and defense against bacteria, leaving you vulnerable to a UTI,says Mann.
• Voiding dysfunction: Conditions that make it hard to completely empty the bladder can raise the risk of a urinary tract infection. These include spinal cord injury or neuropathy, a condition that affects nerve function.
• Menopause: Mann explains that during menopause your bodys pH levels change, which alters the vaginas bacterial flora . This change in bacterial makeup increases your risk of UTI.

How Do You Diagnose And Treat A Uti

To diagnose a UTI, your doctor may ask for a sample of your urine. Theyll use this for a urine culture to determine the levels of germs and bacteria in your urine. In rare cases, your doctor may also do an X-ray or ultrasound to get a more comprehensive look at your urinary tract.

If a UTI is confirmed, depending on the location and severity of the infection, your doctor will prescribe antibiotics.

For an uncomplicated lower tract infection, your doctor will likely prescribe a course of antibiotics to be taken over five to seven days.

If you have an upper tract infection, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics for three weeks or longer.

In the rare case of a severe infection, your doctor may recommend hospital treatment and a course of intravenous antibiotics.

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Common Urinary Problem In Men

Urinary problem can occur in men at any age. The urinary tract system is designed to cleanse the body by removing waste products and other toxic material from the body through urination. For normal urination, it is very important for the urinary system to function properly. The urinary system includes the kidneys, the ureters, the urinary bladder and the urethra . Any damage or malfunctioning of any part of the urinary system can give rise to urinary issues in men. Urinary issues in men can include the following:

• Delay or difficulty to start urination
• Sudden start and stop of urination flow
• Incomplete empting
• Increased urinary frequency and urinary urgency
• A feeling of incomplete bladder emptying.

What Tests Are Commonly Performed

The tests you may have will vary depending on your symptoms.

Your doctor may examine your prostate to see how big it is. This is done by inserting a gloved finger through the anus into your rectum to feel the back of your prostate. The size of your bladder may be assessed by examining your tummy .

The most common tests performed include:

• A urine dipstick test to exclude an infection in your urine or any blood in your urine.
• A blood test for glucose to exclude diabetes.

Other blood tests may also be performed – for example, to test the function of your kidneys, and also a PSA test. These tests vary between cases.

You may be asked to complete a urinary frequency volume chart on which you will be asked to document the times that you pass urine and also the amount of urine you have passed each time.

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How Is Urinary Tract Infection In Men Treated

The treatment of Urinary Tract Infection in Men depends on many factors including the:

• Location of infection
• Species of bacteria causing the infection

Common treatments for UTIs in Men include:

• Oral or IV antibiotics to specifically target the bacteria causing the infection, such as ampicillin, amoxicillin, and ciprofloxacin
• Surgery to repair twisting of the epididymis, if necessary
• Surgery to repair damaged portions of the kidneys: Congenital or acquired conditions of the kidney can cause abnormal kidney structure that can lead to increased risk for developing infection

Some infections are known to be self-limiting and get better without any treatment.

Causes Of Urinary Tract Infections

UTIs are usually caused by bacteria from poo entering the urinary tract.

The bacteria enter through the tube that carries pee out of the body .

Women have a shorter urethra than men. This means bacteria are more likely to reach the bladder or kidneys and cause an infection.

Things that increase the risk of bacteria getting into the bladder include:

• having sex

• do not use scented soap

• do not hold your pee in if you feel the urge to go

• do not rush when going for a pee try to fully empty your bladder

• do not wear tight, synthetic underwear, such as nylon

• do not drink lots of alcoholic drinks, as they may irritate your bladder

• do not have lots of sugary food or drinks, as they may encourage bacteria to grow

• do not use condoms or diaphragms with spermicidal lube on them try non-spermicidal lube or a different type of contraception

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What Are The Treatment Procedures For Male Uti

As a first-line treatment for UTI, your doctor will prescribe you a course of antibiotics to kill the bacteria and ward off other symptoms. If there are no signs of complications, the treatment process may take from three to seven days.

However, you may require more intensive treatment if your doctor suspects serious complications. This treatment aims to reduce the risk of spreading the infection from your kidneys or your upper urinary tract. Each treatment depends on the result of the diagnosis regarding the cause of your condition. The treatment duration can also vary from a minimum of seven days and can last for up to six months.

If there are positive signs of kidney or bladder infection, surgical procedures will take place. It involves either draining or complete removal of the inflamed tissues on the affected areas.

What Are The Causes Of Dysuria

There are many causes of dysuria. Also know that doctors cant always identify the cause.

WOMEN: Painful urination for women can be the result of:

• Bladder infection .
• Urinary tract infection.
• Endometritis and other causes outside the urinary tract, including diverticulosis and diverticulitis.
• Inflammation of the bladder or urethra . Inflammation is usually caused by an infection.

The inflammation may also be caused by sexual intercourse, douches, soaps, scented toilet paper, contraceptive sponges or spermicides.

Normal female anatomy

MEN: Painful urination for men may be the result of:

• Urinary tract infection and other infections outside the urinary tract, including diverticulosis and diverticulitis.
• Prostate disease.
• Cancer.

Normal male anatomy

Painful urination for men and women may be the result of a sexually transmitted infections or the side effect of medications. Chemotherapy cancer drugs or radiation treatments to the pelvic area may inflame the bladder and cause painful urination.

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Medical Treatment For Burning During Urination In Males

Sometimes, your doctor will prescribe medication to treat burning during urination.

Antibiotics can treat UTIs, bacterial prostatitis, and treatable sexually transmitted infections. Your doctor may also give you medication to relax your irritated bladder. Drugs used to treat IC include:

• tricyclic antidepressants.
• pentosan polysulfate sodium.
• acetaminophen with codeine.

Once treatment is started, painful urination that is caused by bacterial infections usually improves relatively rapidly. You ought to always take the medication precisely as your doctor prescribes in order to have the best results and fully recover.

Pain related to interstitial cystitis might be more challenging to treat. Arise from drug therapy might be slower. In some circumstances, you may have to take medication for as much as 4 months prior to you start to feel better.