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Urinary Tract Infection In Boys

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Eating Diet & Nutrition

Simple way of how men can treat Urinary tract infection

Food choices do not help prevent or treat bladder infections in children, but drinking plenty of liquids may help. Talk with a health care professional about how much liquid your child should drink, depending on his or her age, size, and other health conditions.

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and other components of the National Institutes of Health conduct and support research into many diseases and conditions.

Diagnosis Of Uti In Children

Voiding cystourethrography Cystography and cystourethrography There are a variety of tests that can be used in the evaluation of a suspected kidney or urinary tract disorder. X-rays are usually not helpful in evaluating… read more may be done to further identify abnormalities of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder and can identify when the flow of urine is partially reversed . For voiding cystourethrography, a catheter is passed through the urethra into the bladder, a dye is instilled through the catheter, and x-rays are taken before and after the child urinates. Voiding cystourethrography may be done if ultrasonography is abnormal or if children have repeated UTIs.

Radionuclide cystography is similar to voiding cystourethrography except that a radioactive agent is placed in the bladder and images are taken using a nuclear scanner. This procedure exposes the child’s ovaries or testes to less radiation than voiding cystourethrography. However, radionuclide cystography is much more useful for monitoring the healing of reflux than for diagnosing it, because the structures are not outlined as well as in voiding cystourethrography.

Prevention Of Uti In Children

Prevention of UTIs is difficult, but proper hygiene may help. Girls should be taught to wipe themselves from front to back after a bowel movement and after urinating to minimize the chance of bacteria entering the urethral opening. Avoiding frequent bubble baths, which may irritate the skin around the urethral opening of both boys and girls, may help lessen the risk of UTIs. Circumcision of boys lowers their risk of UTIs during infancy. Boys who are circumcised are infected with UTIs only 1/10th as often as boys who are not circumcised, but it is not clear whether this advantage by itself is a sufficient reason for circumcision. Regular urination and regular bowel movements may lessen the risk of UTIs.

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Key Points To Remember About Urinary Tract Infections

  • a urinary tract infection is an infection in the urine
  • UTIs are common in children
  • UTIs can cause children to have high temperatures and become unwell
  • sometimes UTIs can make children seriously ill, especially babies and young children see your doctor or after-hours medical centre urgently if that happens
  • babies under 12 months need investigation after a UTI to see if there is anything wrong with their urinary tract

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Therapy Of Uti Eradication

5 Phases to Heal UTIs Naturally (Without Drugs!)

Table 1

Empiric oral antibiotics usually recommended are detailed in Table 2. The initial choice of antibacterial therapy is preferably based on the knowledge of the predominant uropathogens in the patients age group, antibacterial sensitivity patterns in the practice area, the clinical status of the patient, and the opportunity for close follow-up.101101 Schlager TA. Urinary tract infections in infants and children. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2003 17:353-65, ix.

Table 2

There is one systematic review with meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials including 523 children with microbiologically proven UTI and acute clinical pyelonephritis. These RCTs made comparisons of different classes of antibiotics. Reported outcomes were persistence of bacteriuria at 48-72 h, resolution of clinical symptoms, symptomatic recurrence, and adverse effects. Three RCTs compared third generation cephalosporins with other antibiotics, including amoxicillin-clavulanate and TMP-SMX. There was no difference in the reduction of persistent bacteriuria at 48 h , recurrent or persistent UTI five to ten days after the end of therapy , or the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse effects .110110 Hodson EM, Willis NS, Craig JC. Antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 :CD003772.,117117 Masson P, Matheson S, Webster AC, Craig JC. Meta-analyses in prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2009 23:355-85.

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Causes Of Urinary Tract Infection In Teenage Boys

Urinary tract infection, commonly called UTI, occurs when one or many parts of the urinary system, including the bladder, kidneys, uterus, and urethra, get infected with bacteria. UTIs are common in infants, but can also teenage boys. However, compared to girls, boys are less likely to develop UTI. Some common symptoms of a UTI are pain in the belly and bladder area, burning or stinging sensation while urinating, foul smelling urine, and increased urge to urinate. Want to know what causes UTIs in teenage boys? Go through the following piece of read to know about the Causes of Urinary Tract Infection in Teenage Boys.

Key Points About A Uti In Children

  • A urinary tract infection is inflammation of part of the system that takes urine out of the body.
  • Most infections are caused by bacteria from the digestive tract. The most common is Escherichia coli bacteria. These normally live in the colon.
  • A UTI is not common in children younger than age 5. A UTI is much more common in girls because they have a shorter urethra.
  • A UTI is unlikely in boys of any age, unless part of the urinary tract is blocked. Uncircumcised boys are more at risk for a UTI than circumcised boys.
  • Symptoms vary by age, and can include fever, need to urinate often, pain, and crying.

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What Is A Urinary Tract Infection In Toddlers

A UTI is an infection in your childs urinary tract which includes their kidneys, the ureters that connect them to the bladder and the urethra where urine exits their body. Bacteria get into their urinary tract through the skin around their rectum and genitals or through the bloodstream from any part of their body .

Because it may not be obvious when a child has an infection, especially if theyre too young to voice their symptoms, UTIs in children sometimes go unnoticed. Urinary tract infections need to be treated immediately to prevent the infection from spreading and damaging the kidneys.

What If My Child Has Had Quite A Few Bladder Or Kidney Infections

Urinary Tract Infection, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.

If your child has had pyelonephritis or cystitis more than a few times, your doctor may want to get x-rays of your childs urinary tract. The x-rays would show the bladder, the ureters and the kidneys. Or your doctor might get a sonogram. The x-ray or the sonogram can show if there is a problem in the kidneys, the ureters or the bladder that causes infections. Your doctor may refer your child to a special doctor who treats urinary tract problems. Sometimes taking a low dose of an antibiotic for a long time can stop repeat infections.

Most children who have many UTIs dont have a problem in the urinary tract. Instead, they have poor urinary habits. Teaching your child good bathroom habits can help prevent UTIs.

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Screening Dipstick And Microscopy

Urine dipsticks are a quick, inexpensive bedside screening tool. Chemical reagent strips change colour in the presence of leucocyte esterase and nitrites, which may arise from UTI.26 Leucocytes generally appear in the urine in response to UTI. However, sterile pyuria can occur with other infections. Enterococcus, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas species are also less likely to produce pyuria than E.coli in children with symptomatic UTI.27 Most uropathogens convert dietary nitrates into urinary nitrites. However, not all do, including Enterococcus and Klebsiella species.26 Dipsticks are also less reliable in young infants, where frequent voiding flushes substrates out of the bladder.26

Neither leucocytes or nitrites are fully sensitive or specific for UTI, but they are a useful screening test, particularly when used in combination. If UTI is thought unlikely, dipsticks have a good negative predictive value to exclude the diagnosis.28 In the presence of suggestive symptoms and either leucocytes or nitrites, empirical antibiotics while awaiting culture is indicated.16

Urine microscopy also identifies leucocytes and bacteria, augmenting dipstick screening.

How Do I Know If My Child Has A Urinary Tract Infection

UTIs are sometimes hard to diagnose in babies and young children, because they cant tell us how theyre feeling. Therefore, urine should be tested in a baby or a young child who has an unexplained fever for three days. A UTI may be the cause of the fever. Fever might be the only symptom in a baby with pyelonephritis.

An older child might be able to tell you that it hurts to urinate. Children who have a sudden need to urinate and who hold themselves or squat to keep from urinating might have a UTI. If your child has a kidney infection, you may be able to tell that he or she is sick. Your child may act tired, or have a fever, or have nausea and vomiting.

Of course, babies and children can get a fever from many other illnesses, such as colds, ear infections and the flu. Also, other things can cause pain with urination or loss of urine control. Irritation at the opening of the urethra may cause pain with urination. Bubble baths can irritate the tender skin around the urethra and make urination hurt. Dirty diapers or underpants can irritate the skin around the genital area and cause pain. .

If you think your child has a UTI, call your doctor.

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Preventing Urinary Tract Infections In Boys

Many UTIs can be prevented by changing infants diapers frequently, encouraging kids to practice good hygiene, and instructing kids not to hold it when they have to pee because urine that remains in the bladder gives bacteria a good place to grow. Here are some tips on how to prevent UTIs in boys:

Preventing Urinary Tract Infections

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Here are some things you can do at home to help your child avoid urinary tract infections :

  • Make sure your child always drinks plenty of water throughout the day.
  • Encourage your child to urinate regularly, including before every meal or snack and before bed.
  • Get a toilet step to support your childs feet until they reach the floor. This can be especially good for girls. The foot support helps them to relax their pelvic floors and stomach muscles so they can empty their bladders completely.
  • Discourage your child from straining or trying to push urine out. This is especially important for girls.
  • See your GP if your child has constipation or hard poo these are risk factors for UTIs.

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What To Look For

In PUV and other types of urinary tract obstructions, recurrent UTIs may be the only major sign. When other symptoms do occur, they can include a weak urine stream, difficulty urinating, new onset bedwetting or daytime accidents and an enlarged bladder that can present as a palpable abdominal mass. Referral to a specialist is recommended for all infants that have a documented febrile UTI and for children that have recurrent UTIs, says Yu.

Urinary obstructions and structural abnormalities are best evaluated and treated by a pediatric urologist who is familiar with these disorders. Urologists may recommend a voiding cystourethrogram or other imaging studies to help identify structural causes of recurrent UTIs. The majority of cases of PUV and AUV are treated with a minimally invasive surgical procedure called endoscopic incision of the valves, which trims the excess tissue responsible for obstruction. Medical management may also be recommended. For children without urethral valves, treatment may only require ultrasound surveillance or preventative antibiotics. But, in some cases, surgical correction may be required.

Identifying structural abnormalities of the urinary tract is critical since it can reduce the rate of recurrent UTIs and may prevent loss of kidney function, says Yu.

Learn about the Department of Urology.

How Is A Uti Diagnosed In A Child

The healthcare provider will ask about your childs symptoms and health history. The provider will give your child a physical exam. Your child may also have tests, such as:

  • Urine testing. This is also known as urinalysis. Your childs urine is sent to a lab to check for red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria, protein, and signs of infection. The urine will also be sent for a culture and sensitivity. This is done to figure out what type of bacteria is causing the infection and what medicine is best to treat the infection.
  • Kidney ultrasound. This is a painless imaging test. It uses sound waves and a computer to make images of blood vessels, tissues, and organs. It can show internal organs as they function and can assess blood flow through vessels. A boy with a UTI or a girl younger than age 5 or 6 may need this test.
  • Voiding cystourethrogram . This is a type of X-ray of the urinary tract. A thin, flexible tube is put in the tube that drains urine from the bladder to the outside of the body . The bladder is filled with a liquid dye. X-ray images are taken as the bladder fills and empties. The images will show if there is any reverse flow of urine into the ureters and kidneys.

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What Is A Urinary Tract Infection In Children

A UTI is when bacteria gets into your urine and travels up to your bladder. As many as 8 in 100 of girls and 2 in 100 of boys will get UTIs. Young children have a greater risk of kidney damage linked to UTI than older children or adults.

How Does the Urinary Tract Work?

The urinary tract is the organs in your body that make, store, and get rid of urine, one of the waste products of your body. Urine is made in the kidneys and travels down to the bladder through the ureters . The kidneys make about 1½ to 2 quarts of urine a day in an adult, and less in children, depending on their age. In children, the bladder can hold 1 to 1½ ounces of urine for each year of age. For example, a 4-year-old childs bladder can hold 4 to 6 ouncesa little less than a cup.

The kidneys also balance the levels of many chemicals in the body and check the blood’s acidity. Certain hormones are also made in the kidneys. These hormones help control blood pressure, boost red blood cell production and help make strong bones.

Normal urine has no bacteria in it, and the one-way flow helps prevent infections. Still, bacteria may get into the urine through the urethra and travel up into the bladder.

Urinary Tract Infection Toddlers Treatment

Mayo Clinic Minute: Treating Urinary Tract Infections

Antibiotics are prescribed to treat a urinary tract infection. Parents can also take some precautionary measures at home to help recovery.

  • Hydration Keep your toddler well hydrated. Drinking fluids prevents constipation and other urinary system disorders.
  • Training Discard soiled diapers immediately. In the case of toilet trained kids, teach them to wipe from front to back. This keeps the bacteria away from the urethra, limiting the chance of infection.
  • Hygiene Maintain strict hygiene. Watch your toddler wash their hands thoroughly after a visit to the bathroom.

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Types Of Utis In Children

Common types of UTIs include:

  • Cystitis: this bladder infection is the most common type of UTI. Cystitis occurs when bacteria move up the urethra and into the bladder
  • Urethritis: when bacteria infect the urethra
  • Pyelonephritis: a kidney infection caused by infected urine flowing backward from the bladder into the kidneys or an infection in the bloodstream reaching the kidneys

Causes Of Urinary Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections are usually caused by bacteria from poo entering the urinary tract.

The bacteria enter through the tube that carries pee out of the body .

Women have a shorter urethra than men. This means bacteria are more likely to reach the bladder or kidneys and cause an infection.

Things that increase the risk of bacteria getting into the bladder include:

  • do not use scented soap

  • do not hold your pee in if you feel the urge to go

  • do not rush when going for a pee try to fully empty your bladder

  • do not wear tight, synthetic underwear, such as nylon

  • do not drink lots of alcoholic drinks, as they may irritate your bladder

  • do not have lots of sugary food or drinks, as they may encourage bacteria to grow

  • do not use condoms or a diaphragm or cap with spermicidal lube on them try non-spermicidal lube or a different type of contraception

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Symptoms Of Urinary Tract Infection

Symptoms of urinary tract infection depend on the level of infection in the child. The normal symptoms are fever, low appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, irritation, and overall weakness. In case of bladder infection, the kids may also have foul-smelling urine, blood in the urine, frequent urination, cloudy urine, pain during urination, etc.

What Are Some Good Bathroom Habits That My Child Should Follow

Urinary Tract Infection: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Diagnosis ...
  • Teach your daughter to wipe herself from front to back after she goes to the bathroom.

  • Teach your daughter to lower her pants and underpants to her ankles and to sit comfortably on the toilet. If her feet don’t touch the floor, put a step stool in front of the toilet, so she can put her feet on it and be comfortable.

  • Teach your child to urinate regularly. Tell your child to not hold in urine for a long time. Going to the bathroom frequently can help prevent UTIs. Children who have had repeat UTIs should urinate every 1½ to 2 hours during the day. Drinking lots of fluids will help your child urinate more often.

  • Treat constipation. Constipation can give your child a sudden need to urinate.

  • Teach your child to empty the bladder all the way when he or she urinates. No âquickieâ bathroom visits during a TV commercial!

  • Give your child antibiotics only when your doctor tells you to. Antibiotics can kill the good bacteria that normally live on the skin of the genital area. When the good, protective bacteria are gone, harmful bacteria can grow and cause a UTI.

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